Nutrabio Biotin (5000mcg) - 120 Vegetable Capsules

Chelated Magnesium is an easy-to-absorb, supplemental form of organic magnesium, a critical mineral element required as a cofactor in more than 300 enzymes. Magnesium plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular functions including energy production, skeletal and cardiac muscle function, neurochemical transmission, bone formation, insulin secretion, calcium, sodium and potassium balance, and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Highly absorbable Chelated Magnesium is one of the most bio-available forms of magnesium. The process of chelation allows the minerals to be better absorbed without competing against other minerals. Minerals in general, are not easily absorbed into the blood stream causing many of the minerals you take to be excreted. When too may minerals are taken into the body at one time, they competitively inhibit each other from being absorbed into the blood stream, and a substantial portion of the minerals are wasted. Think of the normal system which the body uses to absorb minerals as a funnel. If you over fill the funnel it doesn't cause more to flow through the mouth of the funnel, it just forces the excess to overflow and spill out. This is what normally happens when you take those huge mega mineral tablets.

In the process of chelation, the individual mineral molecules are molecularly bonded to an amino acid. In essence, the minerals become surrounded by the amino acid, fooling the body into believing that the mineral is actually an amino acid. Amino acids are broken down from the protein we eat in large quantity in our meals, and the body's absorption system for amino acids is designed for this high quantity. Since amino acids are easily absorbed by your body, the minerals chelated to them are easily absorbed as well. Chelated minerals are the most bio-available form of minerals. You can take much higher dosages of chelated minerals without having to worry about competitively inhibiting other minerals from being absorbed.

Magnesium is called the anti-stress mineral. It promotes relaxation, supports nerve conduction and helps induce restful sleep. Magnesium also assists in the purification of body tissue and enhances energy levels. Supplementing with magnesium can also help increase the absorption of calcium in people who are magnesium deficient.

Magnesium deficiency is common among all age groups. Food processing is a major cause of magnesium depletion. As much as 85% of the magnesium content of whole wheat is lost when refined to white flour. Deficiencies may also be caused by excessive calcium intake, moderate-to-excessive alcohol consumption, gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, kidney dysfunction, and the use of some diuretics, estrogens, and corticos.

Magnesium chelate is well-tolerated without gastrointestinal side effects compared to inorganic salt forms of this mineral. This product can be used by adults or children who wish to increase daily magnesium intake.

NUTRABIO MULTISPORT FOR MEN: COMPREHENSIVE, CLINICALLY DOSED MULTIVITAMIN - MINERAL MATRIX

In a perfect world, athletes would consume a well-balanced diet containing whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, thereby aiding in the assurance of the proper intake of all micronutrients. Unfortunately, in the real world, athletes do not have perfect diets. In today's society, the lack of time and the convenience of less-than-ideal food sources tempt people to ingest a diet lacking many of the essential vitamins and minerals needed to maintain a healthy lifestyle and fuel performance. If an athlete's diet is less than favorable, it is recommended that they take a high-quality multivitamin as an easy and cost-effective way to ensure the proper intake of all the essential micronutrients. This is why NutraBio, the most trusted name in sports nutrition, developed MultiSport.

MultiSport is an advanced, therapeutically dosed vitamin, mineral, and antioxidant formula designed specifically to meet the nutritional demands of athletes in training and to fill micronutrient gaps left by an inadequate diet. MultiSport goes far beyond the minimum Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) to support optimal nutritional balance and peak physical and mental performance for hardcore athletes and fitness enthusiasts alike. Vitamins and minerals play critical roles in hundreds of bodily functions. MultiSport acts as a foundation for those nutritional needs and ensures that all of the vital micronutrients and co-factors are available at the crucial times your body needs to perform optimally.

Unlike most multivitamins that are built on fairy dusted combinations of random micronutrients hidden in proprietary blends, MultiSport combines clinically dosed, best-in-class ingredients precisely formulated to deliver exactly what you need to support health, performance, and overall well-being. With NutraBio, transparency and innovation is the name of the game and we do it better than anyone does. This transparency and innovation is reflected in the most superior multivitamin on the market today, MultiSport. It has everything you need in one comprehensive, open-label, clinically dosed formula and nothing that you don't.

MULTISPORT FOR MEN FEATURES

• 33 vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients specifically formulated to support the demands of athletic men
• Full spectrum Vitamin B profile
• Supports peak athletic performance
• Supports metabolism and increases energy all day
• Fills dietary nutrient gaps to support optimum health
• Formulated with Albion certified chelated minerals
• Gentle on the stomach
• Powerful antioxidant formulation
• MultiSport has been certified as a Albion Gold Medallion supplement

WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM TAKING MULTISPORT?

• Anyone who wants more out of their current multivitamin
• Anyone who trains hard week in, week out
• Anyone who is on a calorie-restricted diet
• Anyone who wants to increase the body's ability to recover
• Anyone who wants to build more lean muscle or lose body fat
• Anyone who wants to bolster their immune system
• Anyone who wants to support overall health

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MACRO- AND MICRONUTRIENTS AND EFFECTS ON ATHLETES

The human diet consists of both macro- and micronutrients. Macronutrients include carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, whereas micronutrients consist of vitamins and minerals. As their name implies, macronutrients comprise most of the required dietary intake, whereas micronutrients are essential in much lower quantities. With the deficiency of micronutrients, athletic performance in addition to normal physiological function will suffer. However, the very nature of being a micronutrient suggests that excess intake in well-fed athletes will not likely alter performance without an activity associated increased need. For example, many vitamins and minerals are important in the catabolism of the macronutrients for energy production. Furthermore, many of the micronutrients are involved in endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms. It has been hypothesized that athletes have an increased requirement for vitamins and minerals because of the increased energy expenditure and excess muscle damage that occurs during training or competition. NutraBio MultiSport can help athletes meet this increased need demand.

MULTISPORT IS NOT YOUR TYPICAL ONE-A-DAY MULTIVITAMIN

MultiSport is not an under dosed, low-quality multivitamin typically found at your local drug store that is meant for the inactive coach potato. Instead, MultiSport is packed full of scientifically validated, clinically dosed ingredients designed to meet the increased micronutrient demands of hard working athletes who want to maximize their training efforts and support overall health. No expense was spared in including the most bioavailable sources of ingredients in MultiSport. For example, the vitamins E and K found in MultiSport comes from d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate and Mena-Q® MK7. These natural forms of vitamins E and K are better absorbed and utilized by the body than the synthetic forms commonly found in traditional multivitamins. Furthermore, several of the micronutrients found in MultiSport are formulated with Albion® certified chelated minerals (TRAACS®). TRAACS is a state-of-the-art mineral amino acid chelate technology that ensures that the minerals found in MultiSport are true chelates, which have been found to be more stable, bioavailable, and easier on the stomach than unchelated minerals.

MultiSport is one of the best supplement investments you can make to support diet, overall health, and even your exercise or athletic performance. No other multivitamin on the market matches MultiSport's level of transparency and potent combination of vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients your body needs. At the end of the day, NutraBio isn't just about marketing hype and trying to maximize our profit. It's all about giving athletes what they want to meet their performance needs by giving them access to clean supplements that are innovative and effective. Like you, we want to train hard and see the results of our efforts. If you're looking for a comprehensive multivitamin designed specifically for athletes, you'd be hard pressed to find a more appealing option than MultiSport.

WHAT DOES THE RESEARCH SAY ABOUT MULTIVITAMIN/MINERAL COMPLEXES?

Key Study #1: Multivitamin/mineral supplementation increases energy and enhances mood.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study conducted by Sarris et al. (2012) found that subjects who supplemented with a multivitamin for a period of 16 weeks reported increased energy levels and enhanced mood compared to the placebo. Additionally, a trend was found for participants reporting better sleep with the multivitamin over the placebo.

Key Study #2: Multivitamin/mineral supplementation decreases exercise-induced free radical cell damage.

A 2007 study conducted by Machefer et al. investigated the effect of a moderate multivitamin and mineral supplementation containing mainly vitamin C (150.0 mg.day−1), vitamin E (24.0 mg∙day−1), and β-carotene (4.8 mg∙day−1) prior to and during an extreme running competition—the Marathon des Sables (MDS)—which consisted of six long races in the desert.

Seventeen athletes participated in the double-blind placebo-controlled study. Blood samples were collected prior to the supplementation, i.e., three weeks before the competition (D-21), two days prior to the MDS (D-2), after the third race (D3), and at the end of the competition (D7). Erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)), erythrocyte glutathione level (GSH), plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant status (uric acid, vitamin C, α-tocopherol, retinol, β-carotene), markers of plasma lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), reactive carbonyl derivatives (RCD), and membrane damage (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities) were measured.

The results of the study showed that in both groups, GSH levels, uric acid levels, and membrane damage significantly increased during the competition while SOD activity significantly decreased. In the supplemented group, plasma α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and retinol levels significantly increased after three weeks of supplementing. In contrast to the placebo group, α-tocopherol, vitamin C, and retinol levels were significantly affected by the competition in the supplemented group. Moreover, no increase in TBARS was observed in the supplemented group during the competition, whereas TBARS significantly increased at D3 in the placebo group.

The researchers concluded that multivitamin/mineral supplementation could prevent the transient increase in TBARS levels during extreme exercise.

Key Study #3: Multivitamin/mineral supplementation can lower blood lactate concentrations after exercise and could improve aerobic energy efficiency.

A 2007 study conducted by Aguilo et al. examined the effects of antioxidant diet supplements on blood lactate concentration and on the aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, and their adaptations to training were analyzed. Fifteen amateur male athletes were randomly assigned to either a placebo group or an antioxidant supplemented group. The supplementation was 90 days of vitamin E (500 mg·day−1) and β-carotene (30 mg·day−1) with the addition of vitamin C for the last 15 days (1 g·day−1). Before and after the antioxidant supplements, the sportsmen performed a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and maximal and submaximal physiological parameters were assessed together with blood lactate concentration. Maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2max), maximal blood lactate concentration, and the maximal workload attained rose significantly in both groups after 3 months of training. At the end of the study, maximal blood lactate concentration was lower in the group that took supplements than in the placebo group. The percentage of [Vdot]O2max attained at the anaerobic threshold rose significantly in both groups after 3 months of training, although the final value in the supplemented group was higher than that in the placebo group. Antioxidant diet supplements induce lower increases in blood lactate concentration after a maximal exercise test and could improve the efficiency in which aerobic energy is obtained.

Key Study #4: Food alone may not provide sufficient micronutrients for preventing deficiencies.

The purpose of this study (Misner, 2006) was to determine if food intake alone provided the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA) requirements for 10 vitamins and 7 minerals. The 10 vitamins analyzed were vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, vitamin B-3, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and folate. The seven minerals analyzed were iodine, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium.

From 70 computer-generated dietary analyses, 20 subjects' diets were selected based on the highest number of foods analyzed from 10 men (age 25-50) and 10 women (age 24-50). A First Data Bank Nutritionist IV computer-program default was utilized, defaulting to apply the Harris-Benedict equation, a formula that determines energy expense against RDA micronutrient requirement by age, gender, and body mass index (BMI).

The 20 Individual Diets analyzed originated from the following subjects:

• Two professional cyclists athletes (A)
• Three amateur cyclists athletes (A)
• Three amateur triathletes athletes (A)
• Five eco-challenge amateur athletes (A)
• One amateur runner athlete (A)
• Six sedentary non-athletes (S)

Hence, fourteen (14) athletes' (A) and six (6) sedentary subjects' (S) diets were analyzed for calorie and RDA-micronutrient adequacy or inadequacy.

Of the 340 micronutrient entries generated from 17 micronutrients analyzed, all 20 subjects presented between 3 and 15 deficiencies each based on the RDA value from food intake alone. Males averaged deficiencies in 40% of the vitamins and 54.2% of the minerals required. Females averaged deficiencies in 29% of the vitamins and 44.2% of the minerals the RDA required. The male food intake was RDA-deficient in 78 out of 170 micronutrient entries, or 45.8% of the 10 vitamins and 7 minerals analyzed. The female dietary intake was RDA-deficient in 60 out of 170 micronutrients or 35.2% of the 10 vitamins and 7 minerals analyzed. Both male and females as a single entity recorded 138 micronutrient deficiencies out of the possible 340 micronutrients analyzed, or 40.5% RDA-deficient in micronutrients from food intake alone.

A GLANCE AT EACH INGREDIENT IN MULTISPORT FOR MEN

• Vitamin A - Improves resistance to infection and assists in the growth and repair of body tissues, including muscle.
• Vitamin C - Offers multiple antioxidant benefits, boosts immune health, and enhances collagen formation. Vitamin C has also been shown to increase fat loss and nitric oxide production.
• Vitamin D - Promotes calcium absorption in the gut and maintains adequate serum calcium and phosphate concentrations to enable normal mineralization of bone and prevent hypocalcemic tetany. Vitamin D has other roles in the body, including modulation of cell growth, neuromuscular and immune function, and reduction of inflammation.
• Vitamin E - May decrease levels of creatine kinase and malondialdehyde, markers of mechanical and oxidative muscle damage. Hence, vitamin E is critical for muscle recovery.
• Vitamin K - Best known for its role in helping blood clot, or coagulate, properly. Vitamin K also plays an important role in bone health.
• Thiamin - Involved in many body functions, including nervous system and muscle function, the flow of electrolytes in and out of nerve and muscle cells, digestion, and carbohydrate metabolism
• Riboflavin - In addition to producing energy for the body, riboflavin works as an antioxidant, fighting damaging particles in the body known as free radicals.
• Niacin - Helps the body make various sex- and stress-related hormones in the adrenal glands and other parts of the body. Niacin helps improve circulation and has been shown to suppress inflammation.
• Vitamin B-6 - Helps the body make several neurotransmitters, chemicals that carry signals from one nerve cell to another. It is needed for normal brain development and function and helps the body make the hormones serotonin and norepinephrine, which influence mood, and melatonin, which helps regulate the body clock.
• Folate - Crucial for proper brain function and plays an important role in mental and emotional health.
• Vitamin B12 - Maintains healthy nerve cells and helps in the production of DNA and RNA, the body's genetic material. Vitamin B12 works closely with folate to help make red blood cells and to help iron work better in the body.
• Biotin - Metabolizes carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids, the building blocks of protein.
• Pantothenic Acid - Assists in the production of red blood cells, as well as sex- and stress-related hormones produced in the adrenal glands. Pantothenic acid is also important in maintaining a healthy digestive tract, and it helps the body use other vitamins, particularly riboflavin.
• Calcium - Critical in the maintenance of bone and protecting the skeleton from degradation, calcium is also needed in order for muscle contractions to occur.
• Iron - Component of hundreds of proteins and enzymes in the body and is an essential element for blood production. Of the single nutrients, iron deficiency is the most common in the world.
• Phosphorus - Required for every cell in the body to function properly. Involved in energy production from ATP and creatine phosphate.
• Iodine - Critical for maintaining the health of the thyroid, a gland that secretes hormones that regulate growth and development
• Magnesium - Involved in more than 300 essential metabolic reactions, including metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
• Zinc - Involved in cell signaling and therefore can release hormones and aid in nerve conduction.
• Selenium - Works as an antioxidant, especially when combined with vitamin E. Antioxidants like selenium help fight damaging particles in the body known as free radicals. Evidence suggests that selenium may also be critical for muscle strength.
• Copper - Necessary for the proper growth, development, and maintenance of bone, connective tissue, brain, heart, and many other body organs. Copper may also increase growth hormone production.
• Manganese - Involved in the production of testosterone and the formation of connective tissue.
• Chromium - Essential mineral that must be obtained through diet or supplementation. Chromium is involved in glucose metabolism by enhancing the function of insulin.
• Molybdenum - Required for allowing cells to produce energy within the mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cells, with the help of broken-down macronutrients.
• Potassium - Critical for nerve conduction and muscle contraction
• Alpha Lipoic Acid - Mitochondrial fatty acid that is highly involved in energy metabolism. ALA has also shown to be beneficial against various forms of oxidation and inflammation. These effects carry on to benefits that protect one from heart diseases, liver diseases, diabetes, and neurological decline with age.
• N-Acetyl Cysteine - Often used for its high antioxidant content to reduce inflammation and counter oxidative stress, it also works to bind various free radicals and poisons in the body so they can be expelled through the digestive process.
• Choline Bitartrate - Essential nutrient for brain health and synaptic plasticity. Choline improves structural integrity, signaling capacity, and the fluidity of neural membranes. It's estimated that close to 90% of the population does not get the daily recommended amount of choline.
• Citrus Bioflavonoids - Enhances the effects of vitamin C and provides a powerful defense against oxidative stress. Studies have shown benefits of the citrus bioflavonoids on capillary permeability and blood flow.
• Inositol - Molecule structurally similar to glucose; heavily involved in cellular signaling. It is effective in treating insulin resistance and reducing symptoms of anxiety.
• Silica - Important in bone and collagen formation and may improve hair and nail health, as well as prevent cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease. 
• Boron - Assists in maintaining healthy bones and mental function. Research also suggests boron can increase levels of free testosterone.
• Vanadium - May promote the effects of insulin, which can help increase muscle growth and fat loss.

Caffeine has been shown to enhance fat-loss, maximize energy, increase performance in aerobic and anaerobic events, and works in synergy with other substances such as choline and acetyl l-carnitine (ALCAR). Caffeine is primarily used as a power and energy accelerant! It's perfect to super energize your body for powerful workouts. This fast-acting substance delivers the right molecular structure to your energy systems for maximum energy and power output. Caffeine is fast-acting because it stimulates the central nervous system so you're neurologically charged to increased levels of alertness and focus.

Caffeine is one of the most popular fast acting stimulants. Caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, increases the release of adrenaline, acts as a thermogenic agent (raises metabolic rate and core body temperature), increases the use of body fat for fuel, and spares muscle glycogen increasing endurance.

Studies suggest Caffeine has significant effects on physiological response and performance of trained athletes. Caffeine should be taken approximately Three hours before training for maximum benefit with ample fluids. If Caffeine is taken on a daily basis, the positive benefits to training will be diminished. Caffeine ingested through foods and beverages should be limited to ensure a maximum training effect.

Vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that's naturally present in very few food sources. It has many functions in the body from contributing to bone health to supporting immune function. NutraBio Vitamin D3 is the same form of Vitamin D3 the body manufactures when skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) sunlight. Vitamin D3 may be more than three times as effective than other forms of Vitamin D3 in raising concentrations in the bloodstream and maintaining those levels for a longer time.*

Vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that's naturally present in very few food sources. It has many functions in the body from contributing to bone health to supporting immune function. NutraBio Vitamin D3 is the same form of Vitamin D3 the body manufactures when skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) sunlight. Vitamin D3 may be more than three times as effective than other forms of Vitamin D3 in raising concentrations in the bloodstream and maintaining those levels for a longer time.*